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|branch = 25px United States Army |serviceyears= 1917–55 |rank= 25px General |commands= 15th Infantry Regiment 82nd Airborne Division XVIII Airborne Corps 8th U.S. Army Supreme U.N. and U.S. commander in Korea Chief of Staff of the United States Army |battles=Mexican Border Service Banana Wars *Occupation of Nicaragua World War II *Operation Husky *Operation Overlord *Operation Market Garden *Battle of the Bulge *Operation Varsity Korean War *Battle of Chipyong-ni *Battle of Wonju |awards= Distinguished Service Cross (2) Army Distinguished Service Medal (4) Silver Star (2) Legion of Merit (2) Bronze Star w/ Valor Device Purple Heart Presidential Medal of Freedom Congressional Gold Medal |laterwork= }} Matthew Bunker Ridgway (March 3, 1895 – July 26, 1993) was a senior officer of the United States Army. He held several major commands and was most famous for resurrecting the United Nations (UN) war effort during the Korean War. Several historians have credited Ridgway for turning the war around in favor of the UN side. His long and prestigious military career was recognized by the award of the Presidential Medal of Freedom on May 12, 1986 by President Ronald Reagan, who stated that "Heroes come when they're needed; great men step forward when courage seems in short supply."〔Arthur, Billy A., (Obituary: General Matthew Ridgway ), ''The Independent'', 1993-08-10, retrieved 2009-08-31〕 ==Early life and education== Ridgway was born March 3, 1895 in Fort Monroe, Virginia, to Colonel Thomas Ridgway, an artillery officer, and Ruth Ridgway. He lived in various military bases all throughout his childhood. He later remarked that his "earliest memories are of guns and Marching men, of rising to the sound of the reveille gun and lying down to sleep at night while the sweet, sad notes of 'Taps' brought the day officially to an end." He graduated in 1912 from English High School in Boston〔 and applied to West Point because he thought that would please his father (who was a West Point graduate).〔Mitchell 2002, p. 7.〕 Ridgway failed the entrance exam the first time due to his inexperience with mathematics, but after intensive self-study he succeeded the second time.〔 At West Point he served as a manager of the football team. In 1917, he was commissioned a Second Lieutenant in the U.S. Army. The same year he married Julia Caroline Blount. They had two daughters, Constance and Shirley, and divorced in 1930.〔Mitchell 2002, p. 16.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Matthew Ridgway」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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